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A hollow cone deflection spray nozzle is a type where the fluid jet exits the orifice and strikes a deflector plate, spreading into a thin liquid film and forming a ring-shaped (hollow cone) spray pattern.
Common uses include:
Gas scrubbing & cooling
Dust suppression & humidification
Surface rinsing / fine coating
Corrosion protection (thin film coverage)
Agricultural spraying (leaf coverage with fine droplets)
Advantages: very fine atomization, wide spray angle, uniform ring coverage at low–medium flow.
Limitations: weak center coverage (hollow), deflector surface erosion with abrasive liquids.
The liquid stream exits the nozzle orifice, impacts a deflector surface, spreads into a thin film, and breaks into fine droplets that follow a hollow cone trajectory.
The spray footprint is a ring pattern.
Droplet size decreases with higher pressure and lower liquid surface tension.
Deflector angle and orifice geometry define spray angle.
Flow Equation:
Q=k⋅PQ = k \cdot \sqrt{P}
Where Q = flow rate (L/min), P = pressure (bar), k = capacity coefficient.
Droplet Size (approximation):
D32∝(σρ v2)1/2D_{32} \propto \left(\frac{\sigma}{\rho \, v^2}\right)^{1/2}
Smaller with higher velocity (v) and lower surface tension (σ).
Spray Angle (α): Typically 60°–120°.
Footprint: Ring-shaped hollow cone vs. solid disk (full cone).
Coverage Diameter:
D≈2Ltan(α2)D \approx 2L \tan\left(\frac{\alpha}{2}\right)
where L is distance from nozzle to target.
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